June 14

• June 14, 1645
  Oliver Cromwell's army routes the King's army at Naseby, which markd the decisive turning point in the English Civil War
• June 14, 1649
  Jesuits set fire to Sainte-Marie among the Hurons in North America, abandoning the settlement created in 1639, due to Iroquois on the warpath against them
• June 14, 1667
  The Dutch fleet burn 3 ships and capture the English flagship near the River Medway during the Second Anglo-Dutch War
• June 14, 1755
  In England the first edition of Samuel Johnson's "A Dictionary of the English Language", which has 42,773 entries, is published
• June 14, 1777
  The Continental Congress in Philadelphia adopts the Stars and Stripes, created by Betsy Ross, as the national flag
• June 14, 1789
  Captain William Bligh of the HMS Bounty arrives in Timor in a small boat
• June 14, 1800
  French General Napoleon Bonaparte pushes the forces of Austria out of Italy in the Battle of Marengo
• June 14, 1822
  Charles Babbage, a young Cambridge mathematician, announces the invention of a machine capable of performing simple arithmetic calculations, which could perform up to 60 error-free calculation in 5 minutes, to the Astronomical Society
• June 14, 1834
  A process for making sandpaper is patented by Isaac Fischer, Springfield, Vermont
• June 14, 1846
  Americans in Northern California rebel against Mexican authorities in what is called the Bear Flag Revolt and proclaim the Republic of California
• June 14, 1866
  Prussia attacks Austria after disagreements over the administration of Schleswig-Holstein, starting Austro-Prussian War
• June 14, 1923
  Bulgarian Prime Minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski is brutally tortured and killed during a military coup
• June 14, 1935
  Chaco War between Bolivia and Paraguay ends with Paraguayan victory
• June 14, 1940
  Soviet Premier Josef Stalin sends an ultimatum to Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, making territorial demands
• June 14, 1943
  The Combined Bomber Offensive launches Operation Pointblank, a strategic bombing campaign against German industry and civilian morale
• June 14, 1982
  Argentina surrenders to Britain at Port Stanley, Falkland Islands, ending 74-day Falklands War over two British overseas territories in the South Atlantic
• June 14, 2008
  Expo 2008 is held in Zaragoza, Spain, with the topic of "Water and sustainable development"

May 29

• May 29, 1176
  At the Battle of Legnano, the cavalry of Frederick Barbarossa is defeated by the infantry of the Lombard League
• May 29, 1453
  Constantinople falls to Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II and the last reigning Byzantine Emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos is killed, marking end of the Byzantine Empire
• May 29, 1555
  Peace of Amasya, singed between Shah Tahmasp and Suleiman the Magnificent, ends Ottoman–Safavid War and gives most of Iraq, including Baghdad, to the Ottoman Empire, while the Persians retain north-western territories in the Caucasus
• May 29, 1652
  English Admiral Robert Blake drives out Dutch fleet under Lieutenant-Admiral Tromp during the First Anglo-Dutch War
• May 29, 1660
  English King Charles II, returning from exile, lands at Dover ending the Puritan Commonwealth of England and bringing the monarchy back, which becomes known as the English Restoration
• May 29, 1677
  King Charles II and 12 Virginia Indian chiefs sign a treaty that establish a 3-mile non-encroachment zone around Indian land
• May 29, 1692
  An English and Dutch fleet beat France near Barfleur
• May 29, 1765
  Patrick Henry, an American attorney, denounces the Stamp Act before Virginia's House of Burgesses during his speech "Give me liberty, or give me death!"
• May 29, 1790
  Rhode Island, the state largely founded by Baptists fleeing persecution in Massachusetts, becomes the last of the 13 original colonies to ratify the United States Constitution
• May 29, 1831
  Great Bosnian uprising against Ottoman rule occurs
• May 29, 1851
  Freed slave and abolitionist Sojourner Truth attends a national women's convention in Akron, Ohio, where she makes her famous anti-slavery speech "Ain't I a Woman?"
• May 29, 1874
  The present constitution of Switzerland, which introduces the facultative referendum for laws at the federal level, takes effect
• May 29, 1919
  Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity is tested and confirmed by Arthur Eddington's observation of a total solar eclipse in Principe and by Andrew Crommelin in Sobral, Brazil
• May 29, 1953
  Edmund Hillary, a New Zealand mountaineer, and Tenzing Norgay from Nepal become first to reach peak of Mount Everest in Nepal, the highest mountain on earth
• May 29, 1982
  In the Battle of Goose Green, British paratroopers defeat a larger force of Argentine troops in the first land battle of the Falklands War
• May 29, 1990
  Boris Yeltsin is elected Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR
• May 29, 1999
  Nigeria terminates military rule, and the Nigerian Fourth Republic is established with Olusegun Obasanjo as president
• May 29, 2005
  A French referendum on the draft European Union constitution votes 55 percent to reject it

March 17

• March 17, 180
  Emperor of Rome Marcus Aurelius dies, leaving the throne to Commodus
• March 17, 1672
  England declares war on Netherlands
• March 17, 1757
  Prince Mangkunegara I of Mataram surrenders to Hamengkubuwono I in Java
• March 17, 1776
  British forces evacuate Boston to Halifax, Nova Scotia during Revolutionary War
• March 17, 1800
  English warship Queen Charlotte catch fire and 673 officers and men die
• March 17, 1858
  The Fenian Brotherhood, a brigade of the Irish Republican Brotherhood, a secret revolutionary group, is founded in Dublin by James Stephens
• March 17, 1861
  The first Italian Parliament declare independence of Italy and proclaim Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia the first King of Italy
• March 17, 1884
  John Joseph Montgomery makes first glider flight, in Otay, California, United States
• March 17, 1921
  Sailors revolt against the Bolshevik government in Kronstadt is suppressed with thousands casualties by Leon Trotsky, the leader of the Red Army
• March 17, 1950
  Element 98, Californium, is announced
• March 17, 1963
  Eruptions of Mount Agung Bali kills 1,500 Balinese
• March 17, 1991
  USSR holds a referendum to determine if they should stay together; 9 of 15 Soviet representatives officially approve new union treaty
• March 17, 2004
  Pogrom-like violence, organized by crowds of Albanians breaks out over two days in Kosovo, results in nineteen killed, 139 Serbian homes burned, schools and businesses vandalized, and over 30 Orthodox monasteries and churches destroyed

March 4

• March 4, 581
  Yang Jian, a Northern Zhou official, murders Zhou royalty and proclaims himself emperor Wen, beginning Sui Dynasty in reunited China after the period of Southern and Northern Dynasties
• March 4, 1152
  Frederick I Barbarossa is elected German King in Frankfurt
• March 4, 1193
  Saladin, a Kurdish sultan of Egypt and Syria, dies
• March 4, 1386
  Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania, is crowned as King of Poland Władysław II by archbishop Bodzanta
• March 4, 1461
  Henry VI is deposed and the Duke of York is proclaimed King as Edward IV
• March 4, 1665
  English King Charles II declares war on Netherlands after the Dutch Smyrna fleet open fire on English warships near Dutch colonies, beginning the Second Anglo-Dutch War for control over the seas and trade routes
• March 4, 1681
  King Charles II grants William Penn royal charter for 48,000 square miles that later became Pennsylvania
• March 4, 1774
  William Herschel becomes the first to sight the Orion Nebula
• March 4, 1793
  George Washington is inaugurated as President for the second time talking the shortest speech with just 133 words
• March 4, 1797
  Vice-President John Adams, elected President on December 7, to replace George Washington, is inaugurated as second President of United States
• March 4, 1848
  Statuto Albertino, a Constitution of Kingdom of Sardinia, is proclaimed by King Charles Albert
• March 4, 1897
  William McKinley is inaugurated as the 25th President of the United States
• March 4, 1919
  Communist International, also known as the Third International, is established by 52 delegates present from 21 countries on the Founding Congress at the Kremlin, Moscow
• March 4, 1997
  U.S. President Bill Clinton bars federal funding for any research on human cloning
• March 4, 2000
  Sony Corporation releases the PlayStation 2 video game system in Japan, selling one million units on the first weekend