April 9

• April 9, 1241
  Mongol armies defeat the combined defending forces of the Poles and Germans at the Battle of Legnica perishing almost the entire European army
• April 9, 1388
  Habsburgs tries to reach their goals by military force but are again defeated by Swiss forces at the Battle of Nafels
• April 9, 1454
  The Treaty of Lodi establishes peace and a stable political framework in Italy between Venice, Milan and Florence
• April 9, 1483
  Edward IV, King of England, dies at age 38 and is succeeded by his twelve-year-old son, Edward V
• April 9, 1520
  The first European diplomatic mission to Ethiopia, sent by the Portuguese, arrives at Massawa, followed by their arrival at the imperial encampment of Emperor Dawit II in Shewa on 9 October
• April 9, 1609
  The Netherlands and Spain agree to a Twelve Years' Truce in the Eighty Years' War
• April 9, 1621
  Twelve Years' Truce expires so Dutch and Spanish resume war
• April 9, 1682
  The French explorer Rene Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, reached the Mississippi River claiming Louisiana for France
• April 9, 1691
  After a nine-month siege, Louis XIV’s army storm the city of Mons and occupy it
• April 9, 1747
  Simon Fraser, Scottish Jacobite and Chief of Clan Fraser, becomes the last man to be officially beheaded in England
• April 9, 1770
  Captain James Cook discovers Botany Bay on the Australian continent
• April 9, 1783
  Tippu Sahib, ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore, drives out English from Bednore, India
• April 9, 1860
  Parisian inventor Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville makes the first known audio recording, ten seconds long, of a person singing a folk song
• April 9, 1865
  At Appomattox, Virginia, Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrenders his 28,000 troops to USA General Ulysses S. Grant, effectively ending the American Civil War
• April 9, 1867
  The Alaska purchase is ratified by the United States Senate
• April 9, 1927
  Italian-born anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are sentenced to death for murdering two men during the armed robbery of a shoe factory on July 14, 1921 in Massachusetts after controversial trial
• April 9, 1928
  Turkey passes separation of church and state
• April 9, 1940
  German forces invade Denmark and Norway to protect shipments of iron ore from Sweden, forcing to capitulate Denmark after a few hours
• April 9, 1942
  American General Jonathan M. Wainwright's American and Filipino 70,000 troops on Bataan, Philippines, surrender to the Japanese
• April 9, 1949
  United Nations' International Court of Justice holds Albania responsible for incidents in Corfu Channel, an early episode of the Cold War involving Royal Navy ships in the Channel of Corfu, and awards Britain damages
• April 9, 1959
  Frank Lloyd Wright, an American interior designer, who designed more than 1,000 structures, dies
• April 9, 1965
  India and Pakistan engage in border fight, marking start of Second Indo-Pakistani War
• April 9, 1970
  Paul McCartney announces official split of The Beatles
• April 9, 1989
  Georgian demonstrators are massacred and 20 citizens are killed by Red Army soldiers in Tbilisi's central square during a peaceful rally
• April 9, 1991
  Soviet Republic of Georgia declares independence from Soviet Union
• April 9, 2002
  The funeral of Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, the wife of King George VI and the mother of Queen Elizabeth II, takes place in Westminster Abbey, London