July 13

• July 13, 432 BC
  The Greek astronomer Meton of Athens invents the Metonic cycle for astronomy and calendar studies
• July 13, 1260
  Lithuanians defeat the joint forces of the Teutonic Knights from Prussia and Livonian Order from Livonia at the Battle of Durbe during the Livonian Crusade
• July 13, 1573
  After heavy losses on both sides the Siege of Haarlem ends in a Spanish victory
• July 13, 1585
  A group of 108 English colonists, led by Sir Richard Grenville, reach Roanoke Island in North Carolina and establish the first England's foothold in the New World
• July 13, 1643
  In England, Parliamentarians, led by Sir William Waller, are defeated by royalist troops under Lord Wilmot in the Battle of Roundway Down
• July 13, 1791
  The bones of the greatest French satirist, philosopher, and writer, Voltaire are enshrined in the Panthéon in Paris
• July 13, 1793
  French revolutionary writer Jean Paul Marat is stabbed to death in his bath by a young woman Charlotte Corday
• July 13, 1794
  Robespierre boycotts the Committee of Public Safety and the National convention after being denounced as a dictator
• July 13, 1832
  Henry Schoolcraft, an American geographer and geologist, discovers the source of the Mississippi River in Minnesota
• July 13, 1863
  Antiabolitionist Irish longshoremen rampage against blacks in the deadly Draft Riots, during which mobs lynched a black man and torched the Colored Orphan Asylum, in New York City in response to President Lincoln's announcement of military conscription
• July 13, 1878
  The Treaty of Berlin amended the terms of the Treaty of San Stefano, which has ended the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 and divides the Balkans among European powers
• July 13, 1985
  Live Aid rock concert is staged in London, Philadelphia, Moscow and Sydney to raise for famine relief in Ethiopia
• July 13, 1995
  Srebrenica massacre, the genocidal killing of more than 8,000 Bosniaks during the Bosnian War, ends
• July 13, 2014
  The 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil is won by Germany